Pinewood Gingertail
Xeromphalina campanella (Batsch) Kuhner & Maire
Pinewood Gingertail: https://mail.marylandbiodiversity.org/species/15266
Synonyms
Bell-shaped Fuzzy Foot 
Tags

Map Snapshot

30 Records

GAALWAFRCLMOHOBABCHACEPGAACVCHSMKEQACNTADOWISOWO

Status

Found in dense clusters on decaying conifer logs and stumps.

Description

Cap: Small; yellow to orange-brown, smooth, grooved at margin; convex to broadly convex with depressed disc in age. Gills: Pale yellow/pale orange, becoming decurrent, crossveins. Stalk: Yellow at top to dark red-brown at base; long hairs at base. Usually found in groups of dozens to hundreds. Similar X. kauffmanii present only on hardwoods. (J. Solem, pers. comm.)

Relationships

Associated with conifers versus hardwoods.

Resources

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View at MycoBank

Citations

No citations linked for this taxon yet.

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Source: Wikipedia

Xeromphalina campanella
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Mycenaceae
Genus: Xeromphalina
Species:
X. campanella
Binomial name
Xeromphalina campanella
Xeromphalina campanella
Mycological characteristics
Gills on hymenium
Cap is convex or depressed
Hymenium is decurrent
Stipe is bare
Spore print is white
Ecology is saprotrophic
Edibility is unknown or inedible

Xeromphalina campanella is a species of mushroom. Its common names include the golden trumpet and the bell Omphalina. It is a cold-tolerant species found throughout North America and Eurasia.

Taxonomy

[edit]

The genus name Xeromphalina means "little dry navel" and campanella means "bell-shaped", respectively describing the mature and young shapes of the cap.[2] The mushroom is also called fuzzy-foot.[3]

A cluster of X. campanella

Description

[edit]

The fruit body of X. campanella has a small umbrella-shaped cap, about .5–2 centimetres (1⁄4–3⁄4 in) wide.[4] As it matures, the outer part of the cap expands and rises, leaving the center depressed somewhat like a navel.[5] The thin brown stalk is 1–5 cm (1⁄2–2 in) long and 1–3 millimetres (1⁄16–1⁄8 in) wide, yellow at the apex, reddish-brown below, with brown or yellow hairs at the base.[4][6] The gills are pale yellow to pale orange.[4] The flesh is tannish and mild tasting.[7] The spore print is pale buff.[6]

Similar species

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Xeromphalina campanelloides is distinguishable via microscopic features.[8] Xeromphalina kauffmanii resembles the species, but has a more yellow cap[8] and grows on decaying wood of broad-leaved trees.[2] Xeromphalina brunneola also resembles the species, but has smaller, narrowly elliptical spores, and differs in odor, taste, and cap color.[9] Xeromphalina cauticinalis, X. cornui, and X. fulvipes are also similar.[8]

X. enigmatica looks the same but does not interbreed with it.

Habitat and distribution

[edit]

The fruiting occurs in clumps or very dense clusters on decaying logs, stumps, and woody debris of coniferous trees. The species is commonly found in North America.[6] At times, the species almost entirely covers old tree stumps.[2] The species can be found in any wet season of the year.[5]

It is found in both Eurasia and North America and has some populations that are geographically separated and reproductively isolated.[10]

Edibility

[edit]

Although the species is not poisonous,[2] the mushrooms are small and bitter tasting, leading to their often being considered inedible.[5][11][12] In 2006, one author noted that they were privately consumed.[13]

References

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  1. ^ "Xeromphalina campanella". Mycobank. Retrieved 21 December 2015.
  2. ^ a b c d C. Roody, William (2003). Mushrooms of West Virginia and the Central Appalachians. University Press of Kentucky. p. 124. ISBN 978-0-8131-9039-6.
  3. ^ G. Cassidy, Frediric (1991). Dictionary of American Regional English: D - H, Volume 2. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-20511-6.
  4. ^ a b c Davis, R. Michael; Sommer, Robert; Menge, John A. (2012). Field Guide to Mushrooms of Western North America. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 170. ISBN 978-0-520-95360-4. OCLC 797915861.
  5. ^ a b c Metzler, Susan and Van (1992). Texas mushrooms: a field guide. University of Texas Press. p. 150. ISBN 978-0-292-75125-5.
  6. ^ a b c McKnight, Kent H.; McKnight, Vera B. (1998) [1987]. A Field Guide to Mushrooms: North America. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 196, 270. ISBN 978-0395910900.
  7. ^ Audubon (2023). Mushrooms of North America. Knopf. p. 378. ISBN 978-0-593-31998-7.
  8. ^ a b c Trudell, Steve; Ammirati, Joe (2009). Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest. Timber Press Field Guides. Portland, OR: Timber Press. pp. 132–133. ISBN 978-0-88192-935-5.
  9. ^ Bessette, Alan (1995). Mushrooms of North America in color. Syracuse University Press. p. 93. ISBN 978-0-8156-0323-8.
  10. ^ Aldrovandi, M. S. P.; Johnson, J. E.; OMeara, B.; Petersen, R. H.; Hughes, K. W. (2015-11-01). "The Xeromphalina campanella/kauffmanii complex: species delineation and biogeographical patterns of speciation". Mycologia. 107 (6): 1270–1284. doi:10.3852/15-087. ISSN 0027-5514.
  11. ^ Miller Jr., Orson K.; Miller, Hope H. (2006). North American Mushrooms: A Field Guide to Edible and Inedible Fungi. Guilford, CN: FalconGuide. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-7627-3109-1.
  12. ^ Arora, David (1986). Mushrooms Demystified: A Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi. Ten Speed Press. p. 634. ISBN 978-0-89815-169-5.
  13. ^ Russel, Bill (2006). Field guide to wild mushrooms of Pennsylvania and the Mid-Atlantic. Penn State Press. p. 203. ISBN 978-0-271-02891-0.